WEEK 1
Session 9: Past Continuous & Past Perfect Simple
Past Continuous
The Past Continuous tense describes actions or events that were happening at a particular moment in the past or actions that were interrupted by another event.
Usage
1. Action at a specific time in the past:
EX: At 10 p.m last night, I was reading a book.
2. Interrupted action in the past:
EX: I was driving when the phone rang.
3. Simultaneous actions:
EX: While they were studying, we were playing outside.
Form
Affirmative:
S + was/were + V-ing
- I was working in the
- They were playing.
Negative:
S + was/were + not + V-ing
- She wasn’t sleeping.
- We weren’t talking.
Question:
(Wh-) + was/were + S + V-ing?
- Was he running?
- What were you doing at 7 p.m?
Exercises
A. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb.
- She _______ (talk) on the phone when I arrived.
- At 5 PM yesterday, we _______ (watch) a movie.
- While you _______ (sleep), I was finishing my homework.
- They _______ (not listen) to the teacher during the class.
B. Rewrite the sentences in Past Continuous tense.
- He works on his project.
- They eat lunch at 1 PM.
- She doesn’t answer the phone.
C. Identify the mistakes and correct them.
- He was sleep when the alarm rang.
- They was playing football at the park.
D. Create sentences using these prompts.
- (She/read/at 9 a.m)
- (We/not/watch TV/last night)
- (What/you/do/yesterday/at noon?)
Past Perfect Simple
The Past Perfect Simple describes actions or events that were completed before another action or time in the past.
Usage
1. Action completed before another:
EX: He had left the office before she arrived.
2. Cause and effect in the past:
EX: The floor was wet because someone had spilled water.
3. Experiences up to a past time:
EX: By the time I turned 18, I had visited three countries.
4. Reported speech in the past:
EX: She said that she had already read the book.
Form
Affirmative:
S + had + V-ed/V3
- I had eaten pizza before lunch.
- They had visited the museum.
Negative:
S + had not (hadn’t) + V-ed/V3
- She hadn’t seen the movie before.
- We hadn’t met before that day.
Question:
(Wh-) + had + S + V-ed/V3?
- Had he called before you arrived?
- Where had they gone?
Exercises: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb
- By the time we got to the station, the train _______ (leave).
- She didn’t pass the test because she _______ (not study).
- They _______ (finish) their homework before going out.
- The teacher _______ (not explain) the topic before the quiz.
- He was upset because he _______ (forget) his wallet at home.
- The children _______ (not eat) anything before they went to bed.
- After the students _______ (complete) the test, the teacher collected their papers.
- The baby _______ (fall) asleep before his parents returned home.
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